When China was defeated by Britain in the First Opium War, Hong Kong ceded to British rule in 1842. The area of Hong Kong is made up of several islands and Britain wanted to ensure that Hong Kong could be defended by claiming all the areas surrounding Hong Kong was under British rule by executing a 99-year lease in 1898. This monument commemorates the signing over of Hong Kong from British rule to Chinese sovereignty on July 1, 1997. Hong Kong is a Special Ad-ministrative Region of the People's Republic of China, having a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defence affairs.
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